Globo-series Oligosaccharides: Gb₃ Ceramide

Globotriaosylceramide, commonly referred to as Gb₃ Ceramide (1), is also known by other names such as CD77, P^k antigen, and ceramide trihexoside (CTH). These alternative terms underscore its significance across diverse disciplines, including glycobiology, immunohematology, toxicology, and oncology.
Fabry disease is one of the conditions associated with 1, characterized by the accumulation of glycosphingolipids (GSLs), including 1, in various tissues. In this context, 1 serves as a biomarker for the disease. GSL accumulation is notably prevalent in organs such as the heart, kidneys, peripheral nerves, eyes, brain, skin, gastrointestinal tract, and auditory system, leading to clinical complications like cardiac dysfunction and kidney damage.¹⁾
Additionally, 1 functions as a key receptor for Shiga toxin, which is produced by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Shigella dysenteriae.²⁾ Research has further revealed that in several human cancers—such as ovarian, breast, and colon cancer—overexpression of 1 may play a role in inducing resistance to chemotherapy.³⁾

References

• 1) Human Gb₃/CD77 synthase: a glycosyltransferase at the crossroads of immunohematology, toxicology, and cancer research
  • K. Szymczak-Kulus, M. Czerwinski, R. Kaczmarek, Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 2024, 29, 137.
• 2) Shiga toxins — from cell biology to biomedical applications
  • L. Johannes, W. Römer, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2010, 8, 105.
• 3) Glucosylceramide synthase upregulates MDR1 expression in the regulation of cancer drug resistance through cSrc and β-catenin signaling
  • Y.-Y. Liu, V. Gupta, G. A. Patwardhan, K. Bhinge, Y. Zhao, J. Bao, H. Mehendale, M. C. Cabot, Y.-T. Li, S. M. Jazwinski, Mol. Cancer 2010, 9, 145.

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