Clofibrate

The fibrates, including clofibrate, are lower elevated serum lipids by decreasing the low density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction rich in cholesterol and the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction rich in triglycerides. In addition, fibrates increase the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fraction. The precise mechanisms of action remain unknown, but it has been reported that the major modes of action of the fibrates as follows: VLDL catabolism by increased lipoprotein and hepatic triglyceride lipase activities; suppression of triglyceride biosynthesis by acetyl-CoA carboxylase enzyme inhibition and attenuation of cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibition of the rate-limiting HMG-CoA reductase. Clofibrate was widely clinically used in the 1970s, but currently it is rarely used, due to the possibility of liver damage.
Since the late 1990s, it has been reported that fibrates activate specific transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, termed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) which activation increases HDL cholesterol synthesis, stimulates "reverse" cholesterol transport and reduces triglycerides. (The product is for research purpose only.)