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While the ABO blood group, comprising the carbohydrate antigens H, A, and B, is the most well-known of the blood groups, various less prominent blood groups have also been described. Lewis a (Lea) and Lewis b (Leb) are carbohydrate antigens of one such group, Lewis blood group.1) Other carbohydrate antigens structurally related to these antigens include sialyl Lewis a (sLea), Lewis x (Lex), its sialylated derivative, sialyl Lewis x (sLex), and Lewis y (Ley).2,3) Lex is the epitope for SSEA1, an undifferentiated marker for mouse embryonic stem cells (ES cells).4) sLex is a ligand for the cell adhesion molecule E-selectin which is involved in the migration of neutrophils to sites of inflammation.5,6,7) Additionally, expression of Lex, Ley, sLea, and sLex is increased in cancers and is involved in cancer progression.3,8) Indeed, sLea (CA19-9) is used as a tumor marker. We have a wide selection of antibodies against such carbohydrate antigens.
References
- 1) Blood type biochemistry and human disease
- 2) Lewis X and Sialyl Lewis X Glycosphingolipids
- 3) Fucosylated Antigens in Cancer: An Alliance toward Tumor Progression, Metastasis, and Resistance to Chemotherapy
- 4) Stage-specific embryonic antigen involves αl→ 3 fucosylated type 2 blood group chains
- 5) ELAM-1-dependent cell adhesion to vascular endothelium determined by a transfected human fucosyltransferase cDNA
- 6) ELAM-1 mediates cell adhesion by recognition of a carbohydrate ligand, sialyl-Lex
- 7) Recognition by ELAM-1 of the sialyl-Lex determinant on myeloid and tumor cells
- 8) Altered expression of glycan genes in cancers induced by epigenetic silencing and tumor hypoxia: Clues in the ongoing search for new tumor markers
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