Paclitaxel

Reference

• Taxol Induces Paraptosis Independent of Both Protein Synthesis and MAPK Pathway
  • Q. Sun, T. Chen, X. Wang, X. Wei, J. Cell. Physiol. 2010, 222, 421.


Application
Paclitaxel: An Antimicrotubule Agent
Paclitaxel is an antimicrotubule agent. It was initially extracted from the bark of Taxus brevifolia, and at present, it is semi-synthesized from 10-deacetylbaccatin III [D4148] isolated from the yew tree (Genera Taxus). The tubulin has two subunits, α and β, which are arranged in a cylindrical pattern to form a hollow protein. Paclitaxel specifically binds to the β-tubulin subunit of microtubules, promotes and stabilizes microtubule polymerization. As the result, it influences the formation and function of spindles (made up of microtubules) during mitosis (M phase), and also affects the function of microtubules in the cell. It is thought to be cytotoxic by arresting the cell cycle during M phase. For your reference, [B4127] and [H1656] are synthetic Intermediates of the side chains of docetaxel [D4102] and paclitaxel. (The product is for research purpose only.)

References

• Taxol and taxotere: discovery, chemistry, and structure-activity relationships
  • D. Guenard, F. Gueritte-Voegelein, P. Potier, Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 160.
• Microtubules as a target for anticancer drugs
  • M. A. Jordan, L. Wilson, Nat. Rev. Cancer 2004, 4, 253.
• Paclitaxel-induced cell death: where the cell cycle and apoptosis come together
  • T.-H. Wang, H.-S. Wang, Y.-K. Soong, Cancer 2000, 88, 2619.
• Mechanism of action of antitumor drugs that interact with microtubules and tubulin
  • M. A. Jordan, Curr. Med. Chem. Anticancer Agents 2002, 2, 1.


Application
Reagent for pain model

References

• A painful peripheral neuropathy in the rat produced by the chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel
  • R. C. Polomano, A. J. Mannes, U. S. Clark, G. J. Bennett, Pain 2001, 94, 293.
• Ethosuximide reverses paclitaxel- and vincristine-induced painful peripheral neuropathy
  • S. J. Flatters, G. J. Bennett, Pain 2004, 109, 150.


Application
Reviews on Formulations and Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) of Paclitaxel

References

• Cremophor EL the drawbacks and advantages of vehicle selection for drug formulation
  • H. Gelderblom, J. Verweij, K. Nooter, A. Sparreboom, Eur. J. Cancer 2001, 37, 1590.
• Paclitaxel and its formulations
  • A. K. Singla, A. Garg, D. Aggarwal, Int. J. Pharm. 2002, 235, 179.
• Albumin as a drug carrier: Design of prodrugs, drug conjugates and nanoparticles
  • F. Kratz, J. Controlled Release 2008, 132, 171.


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