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Indicator Nucleoside of DNA Methylation
No.148(August 2012)
Biological consequences of DNA methylation are indicators of epigenetic effects in plants and animals. 2’-Deoxy-5-methylcytidine, formed by the enzymatic methylation of cytosine residues in CpG (Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine) sites, is a minor component found in most eukaryotic DNA which plays a central role in the regulation of gene expression. Recently, methylation occurring by methyl radicals generated by tumor promoters has been reported.1) Oxidation of 2’-deoxy-5-methylcytidine has been of interest in connection with the damage of DNA.2) In the detection of DNA methylation levels in cells, the DNA is hydrolyzed to nucleosides and 2’-deoxy-5-methylcytidine is analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS.3)
References
- 1)Cytosine C-5 methylation by methyl radicals generated by tumor promoters
- 2)Oxidation studies of 2’-deoxy-5-methylcytidine
- 3)Analyzed of 2’-deoxy-5-methylcytidine in cells
- a)M. Mizugaki, K. Itoh, T. Yamaguchi, S. Ishiwata, T. Hishinuma, S. Nozaki, N. Ishida, Biol. Pharm. Bull. 1996, 19, 1537.
- b)Z. Liu, S. Liu, Z. Xie, W. Blum, D. Perrotti, P. Paschka, R. Klisovic, J. Byrd, K. K. Chan, G. Marcucci, Nucleic Acids Res. 2007, 35, e31.
- c)A. A. Magaña, K. Wrobel, Y. A. Caudillo, S. Zaina, G. Lund, K. Wrobel, Anal. Biochem. 2008, 374, 378.
- d)M. Münzel, D. Globisch, T. Brückl, M. Wagner, V. Welzmiller, S. Michalakis, M. Müller, M. Biel, T. Carell, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 5375.
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