Fluorinated Building Blocks

　Fluoroacetonitrile (1) is known as a versatile fluorinated building block in organic synthesis. For example, reaction of 1 with Grignard reagent 2, followed by treatment with NaCN and NH₄Cl affords 3, which can subsequently be converted into fluorinated ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor 4.¹⁾ Alternatively, 1 can be converted into α-fluoroacrylonitrile derivative 6 by Horner-Emmons reaction using diphenylphosphonic chloride (5)²⁾ and also affords α-fluoroaldehyde derivative 9 by reaction with 2-methyl-1,3-pentanediol (7)³⁾.
　In addition, fluoroacrylate cation equivalent 10 is useful as a synthetic material for the preparation of 2-fluoroalkenecarboxylic acid 11,⁴⁾ allylic amines containing fluoromethyl group, α,β-unsaturated ketones,⁵⁾ and fluorine-containing cytosine derivatives⁶⁾ which are useful for the development of oncology drugs.